Two of the most important PM activities recommended for DIY owners are the regular changes of oil and the oil filter as the oil weakens through dilution and become laden with evil deposits that hastens the wear of the engine. Before beginning this activity, ensure that all the tools and material are well within reach, and there are many neat papers and clothes in case there is an oil spill. The ideal situation is when you can operate with warm engine oil because it will drain easier and pull out the sludge. Be careful not to burn your hands while handling some of the engine working parts, and when handling used oil, wear gloves because some of the fluids may cause skin rashes. Procedures like jacking up of the vehicle, use of ramps or stands as well as jack stands offers ease of access to the under part of the vehicle and ensure that the vehicle stays level or the plug side is downwards. Twist off the oil filler cap, and unscrew the drain plug while it is warm, so that the oil drips into the suitable container. Replace the sealing washer of the drain plug with a new one after cleaning it and then unequivocally screw the plug back into place. For 1.2 litre engines, the oil filter is located clearance, is required to place a container below it, and having unscrewed the cap, replace the old filter, and clean the housing. To gain access to 1.6 litre engines, remove the oil filter that is situated at the front of the cylinder block using the oil filter removal tool; before installing a brand new oil filter to which the sealing ring has been transferred from the old filter should be coated with a thin layer of clean engine oil. When they have withdrawn all the tools and the used oil from under the vehicle, to adjust the engine, descend the vehicle and immerse it in the right grade and type of oil, checking on the dip stick as you fill it. Almost invariably there will be some oil loss past the oil filter seal or sump drain plug on starting the engine, with the low oil pressure warning light taking slightly longer to energise. You should also check the oil level once more after switching off the engine and in case it is low, you should put more. Get rid of the used oil and filters properly by taking it to relevant waste recycling centre in the area.
